Lapping-machine.



0'. T. HASTINGS. LAPPING MACHINE APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15. 1914.

Patentei May 18, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

Lmggam 6 my m D. T. HASTINGS.

LAPPING MACHINE.

APPLlCATlON FILED JUNE 15. 191

Patented May 18, 191R 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M/lT/VESSES: IIVLIEIVTOR ATTORNEY 0, T. HASTINGS. LAPPING- MACHINE APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15 1914. mwfim; Patented May 18,1915;

- IigSHEETS-SHEET a.

WITNESSES: I/l/ L E III TOR Y T TTTD seams PATENT orricia -DONALD T. HASTINGS, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, assIcNon To HUPP iizro'roa cer.- COMPANY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION or MICH/IGAN.

LAPPING-MAGHINE.

insaaeo.

To aZZfli/zom it may concern:

Be it known. that I, DO ALD a'eitiz en of the United States of America,: residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne "and State of Michigan, have invented cervide a device that will effect a proper movement between the relatively-movable members for best producing an eflicient lapping;

to provide a structure bywhich a series of relativelv movable members may be lapped; to provide a device in which anywear that may occur between the parts of the lapping machine will not affect the accuracy of thesurfaces being lapped; further, to provide a machine which does not require special skill on the part of the operator. Other objects of the invention will more fully hereinafter appear.

The invention resides in the peculiar const'ruction, arrangement and-combinations of parts as hereinafter-set forth.

While a machine embodying my invention is adapted for other purposes, it is especially useful for. lapping piston rings in The invention will,

their own cylinders. therefore, be illustrated and described as embodied in a machine forlapping piston rings. 3 I

drawings,Figure 1 is an end elevation, with certain parts in section, of a piston ring lapping machine embodying the invention, showing the pistons and cyl-' indersin operative relation thereto; Fig.2

is a sectional side elevation with the connecting rodsremoved; Fig. 3 is a top plan view; Figs. 4 and 5 are side and end eleva' tions respectively of the connecting rod;

and Fig. 6 is a detailview showing the in terior ofan oscillatory casing containing a vpawl and ratchet mechanism. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic illustration of the. paths of two points during the lapping'operation;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1915..

Application filed .l'une 15, 191%. Sc ria1No. 845,272

f and Fig. 8 is a detail view of a crank disk- T. HASTINGS,

and certain parts immediately associated I with the same.

. With my improved device, after the rings have been engaged with the piston, the piston is inserted within the cylinder and connected to the lapping machine, the latter eflecting the reciprocation of the piston in the cylinder. If the piston were given reciprocatory action only, there would be a tendency for sharp projections on one of the surfaces being lapped to groove the other surface. My improved machine, therefore, is so constructed as to cause a rotary, as well as a reciprocatory, movement to be given to the piston. Preferablythe piston is so ac tuated as to cause points thereupon to trace intersecting paths upon the cylinder wall.

While various devices differing in details of construction might be employed for ac-' complishing the result desired. I have illustrated herein the: preferred form of a machine embodving the invention,- though I do not desire to limit the protection to the particular structure illustrated.

Referring to the drawings, A designates a suitable support or bed, and B the lapping machine mounted thereupon. The latter comprises a suitable frame, herein shown as composed of spaced uprights D E having feet F bolted to the bed B. Intermediate.

the ends of the uprights are shouldered portions G to which are secured as by bolts H, cross-bars I. J is a shaft having the ends thereof extending through bearings L in the uprights and threaded to receive clam-ping nuts M. I

Upon the shaft J is journaled a rocking frame, which in the structure illustrated is composed of spaced beams N and 0, having bearing portions P journaled upon the shaft J and carrying at their outer ends two series of bearings Q. Within the'bearings Q are journaled shafts R, the lower end of each of which is provided with an enlarged bifurcated bearing S that forms a part of a universal connection T between the shaft R and a connecting rod U The number of bearngs of each series may bevaried as desired,

depending upon the number of pistons to be lapped in one operation. The connecting ends of these members are shaped to form a bifurcated portion Y having alined bearings Z for receiving a pin A that forms apart of the universal j oint U. At the lower ends of the members V and W are substantially semi-cylindrical bearings B for engaging the piston pin and within which the latter is adapted to journal. 7 is pivotally attached to its respective member by means of a headed stud C. There is, therefore, a universal connection between the piston D and the connecting rod, as well as between the latter and the shaft R. In order to avoid too tight an engagement between the piston pin and the bearings B -the members V and W are provided with abutting stops E that limit the movement of the bearings toward each other.

The rocking frame may be actuated in any suitable manner, but in the structure shown the members N and O carry brackets F to which is attached a rod or shaft G. H is a bearing journaled upon the member G and havingfa threaded engagement with a rod I. threaded engagement with a bearing J that is journaled upon a pin K projecting lat-' erally'from a; crank disk L. The latter is fixed to one end of a-shaft M that is journaled in bearings NQ To 'the outer end of the shaft M is secured a combined fly-wheel and driving pulley O which is driven from any suitable source of power. In order to permitthe length of the rocking movement of the outer ends of the reciprocating frame to be varied to properly regulate the travel of the piston in the cylinder, the pin K is formed eccentric to the portion A? which is secured to the member L. Preferably the portion A is tapered and the opening B in the member L also tapered so as to permit of tightly clamping these parts together.

The opposite ends of the rod 1 are provided.

with right and left hand threads respectively so as to allow the position of the head relative to the crank disk to be varied.

' As before stated, it is desirable during the lappingto turn the piston within the cylinder, and while various turning movements may be employed for accomplishing the desired end, preferably in one direction of re ciprocation the piston moves in a straight path, while during the opposite direction of reciprocation the piston is turned a fraction of a revolution, which will cause the curved paths to intersect the straight. In the construction illustrated the shafts R of each series are intermittently rotated, and as the Each of these bearings The lower end of this rod has a preferably accomplished by means respect to the cylinder bores.

in one direction the member S will be moved to position the dogs to engage the notches of the ratchet wheel, while upon rocking of the frame in the opposite direction, one of the dogs will engage a notch'on the ratchet wheel and cause a turning of the shaft Rto which the ratchet wheel is connected. 'Thisthrough the medium of the intermeshing gearswill cause a corresponding turning of-the remaining shafts R.

The turning of the shafts R will of course,

rotate the connecting rods and, therefore, turn the pistons within the cylinders, the turning of the pistons taking place during movement of --the piston longitudinally of the cylinder. The ratchet mechanisms of the two series of shafts R are arranged to alternate in rotating the shafts of the two that upon the rocking of the movable frame series; that isupon the upstroke 'of one series of pistons the latter will be turned,

while in the other series the pistons will be turned during the down-stroke.

With the construction described, which is designed for simultaneously lapping the piston rings of two four-cylinder engines, the piston rings are engaged with the pistons and the latter placed in the cylinders The connecting rods of one series of shafts areengaged with, the piston pins and then the cylinder casing is positioned beneath the rockable frame. It is of course, necessary to properly aline the cylinders with u respect to the connections T and this is of spring-pressed pins a, which are adapted to engage holes 6 in the cylinder base through which the crank case studs pass, these holes necessarily being accurately located with The cylinder is clamped to the bed by means of a setscrew A carriedby the main frame and adapted to engage the cylinders. The connecting rods are then attached to the shafts R by means of the pins A. After the two sets of pistonsare so engaged with the rockable member, power is applied to the driv- 1 ing mechanism, which will cause a rocking of the frame. Upon the rocking of the frame carrying the series of shafts, the pistons are reciprocated in their cylinders, and during the reciprocation the ratchet mechanism will-as before statedeflect in one direction of movement a turning of the pistons within the cylinders. For instance,'the

movement are gradually turned through an arc of 120, While the pistons attached to the other series of shafts travel in a straight path upon the upward movement and are turned during the down-stroke. This will cause the curved paths to intersect the straight paths revolutions, as will be readily seen' upon reference to the diagram of Fig. 7. In this diagram the line designated by 1 indicates the path of movement of a point on the piston ring during one revolution, While the line designated by 2 indicates the path of movement of another point during the same revolution.

- lVhen the machine is first started, preferably kerosene is applied to thesurface of. the

piston and after the machine has been in operation for about three to five minutes, a suitable lapping paste, such as ground glass and kerosene paste, is applied at intervals offrom three to five minutes. This paste is applied as by means of a brush to the skirt of the piston when the latter is at the top of thestroke. However, any. suitable oil,

lapping paste or the like may be employed-,-

and the quantity and manner of application varied as desired. I

I A machine embodying my invention providesfor very high efliciency, since while the piston rings of the pistons for two engine casings are being lapped within their cylinders, the operator may assemble the piston rings" of the pistons for two other sets of enginecasings. Furthermore, since the connecting rod is provided with universal joints at opposite ends thereof, any tendency to produce a binding action of the pistons or their rings against the walls of the cylinder is eliminated, and even if wear. .oceurs between the parts of the lapping ma-- chine, it would have no effect in producing the proper travel of the piston in its cylinder. While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my-invention, I- do not, as hereinbefore stated, desire to limit I the protection to the particular-structure illustrated.

What I claim as-my invention is 1. The combination with relatively-mow able members, of means for lapping said members, comprising means for relatively moving said members to cause points upon one of said members to trace intersecting paths in relation to the other member.

2. The combination with relatively-movable members having contiguous surfaces, of

means for lapping said members, comprising means for effecting a relative movement .bel tween said surfaces in transverse directions.

3. The combination with relatively-move. able members having contiguous. surfaces, of means for lapping said members, "comprisand means --fo1';producing a predetermined rotary movement during a portion of the. reclprocatory movement.

- -5. The combination with relatively-movable, members having constant engagement, of means for lapping said members, comprising means for efiecting a continuousrelative reciprocation between said members, and means for'automatically effecting a predetermined rotary movement during a portion of the reciprocatory movement.

6. In a lapping machine, a rocking frame, means for rooking said frame, a workengaging member carried'by said frame, and means for transmitting to saidWork-engaging member a predetermined rotary movement. 7

7. In a lapping machine, a rocking frame, a plurality of work-engaging members carried by said frame, and means for automatically transmitting to said work-engaging members a corresponding rotary movement.

8. In a lapping machine, the combination with a vertically swinging work-engaging member, of means for uniformly reciproeating said member, and means for imparting a turning movement tosaid member.

9. In a lapping machine, the combination with a work-engaging member, of means for. uniformly .reciprocating said .member, and means for imparting a predetermined and intermittent rotary movement to said. member.

10. In a lapping machine, the combination with a main frame, a work-engagingmember, means on said frame for uniformly reciprocating said member, and means for imparting to said member a predetermined rotarymovement 11. In a lapping machine, a rocking frame,

a work-engaging member carried by said frame, means for rocking said frame, and

fshaft-journaled in said bearing, a .work-en gaging member pivotally engaging said shaft and adapted to'be reciprocated upon fiche rocking of said frame, and means for efl'ecting a turning of said shaft.

The combination with a plurality of series of relatively-movable members, of means for automatically lapping said series.

14. In a lapping machine, a rocking frame, work-engaging Ineanscarried by and adapted to be rocked with said frame, and means for intermittently rotating said. work-engaging means.

15. In a lapping machine, a rocking frame, Work-engaging means, a universal connection between said work-engaging means and said frame, and means for intermittently rotating said work-engaging means.

16. In a lapping machine, a rocking frame,

a shaft carried by said frame, means for intermittently rotating said shaft, an arm, and a pivotal engagement between said arm and said shaft.

17 In a lapping machine, a rocking frame, a shaft carried by said frame, means for intermittently rotating said shaft, an arm, and a universal connection between said arm and said shaft.

18. In a lapping machine, a main frame, a rocking frame j ournaled thereon, means for rocking said last-mentioned frame, a

plurality of bearings carried by said rocking frame, shafts journaled in said bearings, inter-meshing gears upon said shafts, means for intermittently rotating one of said shafts, and a plurality of work-engaging arms carried by said shafts. V

19. In a lapping machine, the combination of a frame, means for alining the Work in relation to said frame, work-engaging means, and means for imparting a reciprocatory and rotative movement to said work-engaging means.

20. In a piston ring lapping machine, the combination of a main frame, a rocking frame journaled thereupon, means for rocking said rocking frame, two series of bearings carried by said rocking frame upon opposite sides of the fulcrum thereof, shafts journaled in the bearings of each series, a ratchet mechanism associated with one shaft of each series, a connection between said ratchet mechanism and the main frame for intermittently actuating the ratchet mechanism upon a rocking of the rocking frame, inter-meshing gears upon the shafts of each series whereby intermittent rotative movement of the ratchet is transmitted to all of said shafts, arms carried by the lower ends of the shafts of each series, a bearing at the lowerend of each arm for engaging the pis- 22. In a lapping machine, the combination of a rocking frame, an arm adaptedto be rocked by said-frame, means for intermittently rotating said arm, said arm comprising a pair of members pivotallyconnected together intermediate their ends, complementary bearing blocks pivotally secured to the corresponding ends of said members, and stops upon said members limiting the movement of said bearings toward one another.

arm, work-en- 23. In a lapping machine, the combination with a main frame, of arocking frame mounted thereupon, a work-engaging member reciprocated by the rocking frame, and means utilizing the relative motion ofthe main frame and rocking frame to rotate the work-engaging member.

24. In a lapping machine, the combination with a main frame, of a rocking frame 'mounted thereupon, a shaft carried by the rocking frame, a work-engaging member actuated by said shaft, and a connection between the main frame and said shaft utilizing the relative motion of the main frame and rocking frame to rotatesa-id shaft.

25. In a lapping machine, the combination with means for supporting an engine cylinder, of a member for engaging a plston within said cylinder, and means for automatically actuating said member to lap the piston with the cylinder. v

26. In a lapping machine, the combination with means for supporting an engine cylinder, of a member for engaging a piston within the cylinder, and means for simultaneously rotating and reciprocating said member to lap the piston with the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DONALD T. HASTINGS.

Witnesses:

WM. J. BELKNAP, JAMES P. BARRY. 

